Appendix

Appendix: Glossary of Terms and Data Definitions

^{NIH funding data downloaded from U.S. National Institutes of Health website. Cushman & Wakefield assigned funding recipients to specific markets based upon the address listed in the NIH data. In most cases, the NIH market represents the MSA and/or greater market area.}^{Private equity venture capital and public offering data provided by PitchBook. *Data has not been reviewed by PitchBook analysts. Market totals based upon MSAs with the following exceptions:}

^{New Jersey includes the entire state.}

^{New York City includes the five boroughs.}

^{Raleigh-Durham includes Raleigh and Durham MSAs.}

^{San Francisco Bay Area includes San Francisco,Oakland and San Jose MSAs.}

^{Canada and UK markets represent the cities.}

^{Clinical trials data downloaded from U.S. National Library of Medicine for both privately and publicly funded trials globally. The data only included trials with the following recruitment status: not yet recruiting, recruiting, enrolling by invitation and active-not recruiting. Markets based on MSAs with the following exceptions:}

^{New Jersey includes the entire state.}

^{Raleigh-Durham includes Raleigh and Durham MSAs.}

^{San Francisco Bay Area includes San Francisco, Oakland and San Jose MSAs.}

^{Canada and UK markets represent the cities.}

^{Rents and vacancies are calculated overall (including direct and sublease space).}

^{U.S. employment data is calculated at the MSA level with the following exceptions:}

^{New Jersey includes the entire state.}

^{New York City includes New York, Kings and Queens counties.}

^{Raleigh-Durham includes Raleigh and Durham MSAs.}

^{San Francisco Bay Area includes San Francisco San Francisco/Oakland and San Jose MSAs.}

^{Canada and UK markets represent the cities.}

^{Rents and vacancies are calculated overall (including direct and sublease space).}

^{U.S. employment data is calculated at the MSA level with the following exceptions:}

^{New Jersey includes the entire state.}

^{New York City includes New York, Kings and Queens counties.}

^{Raleigh-Durham includes Raleigh and Durham MSAs.}

^{San Francisco Bay Area includes both the San Francisco/Oakland and San Jose MSAs.}

^{Canada employment data calculated at the CMA level.}^{UK employment data calculated at the county level.}^{U.S. employment data calculated using six life sciences industries (sorted by NAICS code)}

^{325412 - Pharmaceutical Preparation Manufacturing}

^{325414 - Biological Product (except Diagnostic) Manufacturing}

^{541380 - Testing Laboratories}

^{541713 - Research and Development in Nanotechnology}

^{541714 - Research and Development in Biotechnology (except Nanobiotechnology)}

^{541715 - Research and Development in the Physical, Engineering, and Life Sciences (except Nanotechnology and Biotechnology)}

Appendix: Glossary of Terms and Data Definitions

^{Canada employment data calculated using two life sciences industries (sorted by NAICS code)}

^{3254 - Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing}

^{5417 - Scientific research and development services}

^{UK employment data calculated using four life science industries (sorted by SIC code)}

^{2110 - Manufacture of Basic Pharmaceutical Products}

^{2120 - Manufacture of Pharmaceutical Preparations}

^{7211 - Research and Experimental Development on Biotechnology}

^{7219 - Other Research and Experimental Development on Natural Sciences and Engineering}

^{U.S. job postings and hires based upon 20 different occupations (sorted by SOC code).}

^{11-9121 - Natural Sciences Managers}

^{17-2031 - Bioengineers and Biomedical Engineers}

^{17-2041 - Chemical Engineers}

^{19-1011 - Animal Scientists}

^{19-1012 - Food Scientists and Technologists}

^{19-1013 - Soil and Plant Scientists}

^{19-1021 - Biochemists and Biophysicists}

^{19-1022 - Microbiologists}

^{19-1023 - Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists}

^{19-1029 - Biological Scientists, All Other}

^{19-1041 - Epidemiologists}

^{19-1042 - Medical Scientists, Except Epidemiologists}

^{19-1099 - Life Scientists, All Other}

^{19-2031 - Chemists}

^{19-4012 - Agricultural Technicians}

^{19-4013 - Food Science Technicians}

^{19-4021 - Biological Technicians}

^{19-4031 - Chemical Technicians}

^{19-4099 - Life, Physical, and Social Science Technicians, All Other}

^{29-2018 - Clinical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians}

^{Canada job postings and hires based upon five different occupations (sorted by NOC code).}

^{2112 - Chemists}

^{2121 - Biologists and related scientists}

^{2134 - Chemical engineers}

^{2211 - Chemical technologists and technicians}

^{2221 - Biological technologists and technicians}

^{3211 - Medical laboratory technologists}

^{UK job postings and hires based upon 6 different occupations (sorted by SOC code).}

^{2111 - Chemical Scientists}

^{2112 - Biological Scientists and Biochemists}

^{2113 - Physical Scientists}

^{3119 - Science, Engineering and Production Technicians n.e.c.}

^{3212 - Medical laboratory technologists and pathologists’ assistants}

^{3217 - Pharmaceutical Technicians}

^{3218 - Medical and Dental Technicians}

^{U.S. degree completions based upon 129 different programs offered across various institutions.}^{Canada degree completions based upon 20 different programs offered across various institutions.}